What is reproducibility? What is the difference between reproducibility and repeatability?

The deviation between the results of multiple consecutive measurements of the same sample under changing measurement conditions is called reproducibility. When evaluating reproducibility, at least one of the following conditions must be changed: 1.Measurement time; 2.Resampling; 3.Different operators; 4.Different measuring instruments; 5.Different locations.

The similarities between reproducibility and repeatability are that both are used to relatively evaluate the stability of instruments and methods through multiple measurements.

The difference is that in repeatability measurement, all conditions remain unchanged and the same sample is tested repeatedly. It is mainly used to evaluate the current stability of the instrument and environment.

When reproducibility is measured, the conditions must be changed, such as the measurement time, measurement personnel, resampling, etc. It is mainly used to evaluate the long-term stability of the instrument, the stability of the sampling method, the influence of the operator on the results, etc.

In practical applications, repeatability and reproducibility tests should be carried out frequently to ensure that the instrument and environment are in normal condition.